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*The most commonly encountered toxic heavy metals in wastewater: Arsenic, Lead, Mercury, Cadmium
* Less common: Chromium, Copper, Nickel, Zinc
§ The sources of these heavy metals are: * Industrial, for example;board manufacturing, metal finishing and plating, semiconductor manufacturing, textile dyes
*Street runoffs
* Landfills
§ Ways of minimizing the concentrations of heavy metals :
Pretreatment of industrial effluents,Agreements for industrial effluents with fixed limits for heavy metals, Control samples from effluents.
Removal of heavy metals: Ion exchange, Adsorption Flotation and also Membrane filtration, Electrochemical methods.
Common Heavy metals in wastewater: Lead, Cadmium, Nickel, Iron, Zinc, Arsenic, Mercury
This effluent is basically from electroplating industries. Best and cheapest treatment method is by primary chemical treatment.
1. Mostly pH is acidic. Add10% lime solution. Adjust pH to7.
2. Add Poly Electrolyte (1ppm).
3. Metals get precipitated over a period of30 mins.
4. Seperate out the clear supernatant and remaining is the chemical sludge containing heavy metals at the bottom.
هل تحتاج لمساعدة في كتابة سيرة ذاتية تحتوي على الكلمات الدلالية التي يبحث عنها أصحاب العمل؟