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In dams,What are the advantages and disadvantages of the plane gate?

 the main types of the gate classified by structure are: Plane gate  Radial gate Stop log

 

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تم إضافة السؤال من قبل Mohamed Galal Hussein Ahmed Mohamed , Technical Mnager , Fast Building Contracting Co.
تاريخ النشر: 2015/01/26
Mohamed Galal Hussein Ahmed Mohamed
من قبل Mohamed Galal Hussein Ahmed Mohamed , Technical Mnager , Fast Building Contracting Co.

The advantages of the plan gate are:– The closing area of the gate is more than others; – The dimensions of the structure is small; – The structure of the gate is simple; – Manufacture , erection and delivery is simple ; – It can be moved out from slot for maintenance; – Interchangeable

The disadvantages of the plan gate are:– The slot has some negative influence to flow;– Bigger lifting force to is needed;– Higher and thick pier is needed.-  it has high civil works cost.

 

Elke Woofter
من قبل Elke Woofter , Project Assistant , American Technical Associates

The Tainter gate is a type of radial arm floodgate used in dams and canal locks to control water flow.

Radial Gates are used for economical water control applications, such as: maintenance of water elevations in canals or spillways; increased storage ...

Mahmood Shaikh
من قبل Mahmood Shaikh , Assistant Manager Electrical & Instumetation (E&I) , Aisha Steel Mills Private Limited (Steel Industry)

1.    Being vital components of dams, gates are installed on spillway to store water and create reservoir behind them. They regulate the release of water for various purposes for which they are planned. The spillway gates regulate and control the flood discharge. Outlet gates control the release  water for irrigation, penstock gates release water for power generation.

2.    Basic requirements to be satisfied by the gates     are as under: (1) Water tightness (2) Can be operated by hoist at specified speed. (3) Alternative operation device in case of power    operated gate. (4) Regulating gate should be held in any partials operation position to pass required discharge   without cavitation’s and undue vibration.

3.    The unobstructed operation of the flood  gates of any water project is of utmost  importance.• The choice of the type of gate and its  operating mechanism is critical for that  reason• For low head flood gates of dams, which are  usually quite wide, the conventional choice  includes Vertical Lift, Radial, Automatic or  Needle type gates.

4.    The operation And maintenance of each  type is unique and each type presents  certain advantages and disadvantages.• The primary considerations for the  selection  of the gate type include gate size  requirement, expected flows, efficiency of  discharge and initial cost.

5.    There are so many classifications for designating the types of gates. Out of that following three most commonly used.TYPES OF GATES(1) On the bases of design head:(2) On the bases of location and purpose(3) On the basis of their operation and s0hape.

6.    (1)On the bases of design head: • High head – above 30m • Medium head between 15m to 30m • Low head – less than 15m

7.    (2)On the bases of location and purpose1.Crest gates : » Spillway crest gates and » Barrage crest gates2. Outlet gates : » By pass outlet gates » H.R. Gates » Penstock intake gates » Sluice gates Construction sluices Scouring sluices Under sluice

8.    (3) On the basis of their operation and shape.– Radial gate/ Taintor gate– Vertical lift gates – Automatically lifting gates – counter wt. operated – Float operated – Counter wt. and flood operated – Flap shutters – Automatic tilting gates/ Godbole gates

9.    Most common type of gate used for hydraulic    structure i.e. vertical lift gates.1. Stoney gates2. Cater piller gates3. Fixed wheel gates4. Sliding gates Vertical lift gates provide with wheels on sides to reduce the friction are known as fixed wheel gates and without wheel is known as sliding gate.

10.  AUTOMATIC TILTING GATE (GODBOLE GATE)

11.  In spillway with high Tail water, Vertical Lift Gates are  generally superior to Radial Gates . Trunnion assembly  under water is not desirable because of the possibility  of debris impinging upon it and causing damage .• Bigger gates require bigger wheels or rollers which in  turn necessiate bigger gate groove. Bigger groove  create turbulent flow by  the side of the piers and also  there is a tendency for the floating debris or trees to  lodge in these gate grooves. This will prevent smooth  operation of gates during flood.• Higher gates are also necessiate in increased height of  piers.

12.  The radial shape provides efficient transfer of  hydrostatic loads through the trunnion.• A lower hoist capacity is required.• Radial gates have a relatively fast operating speed  and can be operated efficiently.• Side seals are used, so gate slots are not required.  This reduces problems associated with cavitations,  debris collection, and buildup of ice.• Radial gate geometry provides favorable hydraulic  discharge characteristics.

13.  Disadvantages[ 1]To accommodate location of the trunnion, the  pier and foundation will likely be longer in the  downstream .Larger piers increase cost due to  more required concrete and will usually result  in a less favorable seismic resistance due to  greater height and mass.(2) End frame members may encroach on water  passage. This is more critical with inclined end  frames.(3) Long strut arms are often necessary where  flood levels are high to allow the open gate to  clear the water surface profile.

14.   Vertical Gates Involves  design of • Skin plate• Vertical And Horizontal Stiffeners And Main girder• Wheels• Seals And Accessories• Guide Rollers• Wheel track And Track base• Sill beam• anchorages

15.  SKIN PLATETVERTICALS STIFFNERS BRACING

16.  Skin plate and Stiffeners • Skin plate and Stiffeners  shall be designed  together in composite manner• It shall be designed  in bending across the  stiffeners or Horizontal girders as  applicable. To take care of corrosion the  actual thickness of skin plate shall be  provided at least 1.5 mm. more than the  theoretical thickness computed.• The stiffeners may be of a built up section or  of standard rolled  section. 

 

17.   Horizontal/Vertical Stiffeners and Main Girder • The Horizontal and Vertical Stiffeners Shall be  designed as simply supported or continuous  beam depending upon framing adopted for  gate.• The spacing between main horizontal girders shall be preferably such that all the girders carry almost equal load.• Maximum deflection of gate under normal condition of loading shall be limited to1/800 of the span.

Alex Al Yazouri
من قبل Alex Al Yazouri , General Manager , Al Mushref Cooperative Society

Sorry I'm not an expert on water gates in which to elevate ships and vise versa. 

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