How to recognize phishing email messages or links, & How to deal with scammers?

Some e-mail messages like this one : " Hello My Dear, compliments of the day,I hope you are doing fine over there,I would like to introduce myself to you,my name is . , it is my pleasure to write you after i have view your profile in which really interest me,to ask for friendship with you if you have the same desire with me so we can get to know each other better and see what will happened in future. contact me with my email, (ge.) so that I will send you my picture and also tell you more about me, Thanks and God bless you, (ge.) "