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Capacitor works on both AC and DC, where a capacitor gives infinite Impedence when connected to a Dc power and gives some moderate value of impedence when connected to a AC source, due to its frequency.
Say a capacitor is connected in an AC single phase Ckt. Now capacitor both side terminal say A & B.
Now switch on the AC supply.
Effect:-
1) in1st half cycle A become Positive & B become Negative.
2) In the2nd half Cycle B become +Ve & A become -Ve.
In a complete AC cycle once the capacitor got charged & again it got discharged.
That is why Capacitor work in AC only.
Because if We connect a capacitor in DC Ckt,at the time of switching it will charged( DC One directional, or it is not having +ve & -VE half cycle), it will not discharged.
It will only discharged if DC ckt is made off.
Capacitor in AC ckt used for Power factor improvement, harmonics absorbtion, Smoothing, filtering & in some application Capacitor Stabilizes Voltage.etc etc
Generally capacitor gives infinite resistance to DC components. It follows the AC components to pass through.
