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Distillation is a separation process based on the difference in volatility (boiling points) between different components.
Separation of components from liquid mixtures via distillation depends on the differences in boiling points (volatility) between different components. Also, depending on the concentrations of the components present, the liquid mixture will have different boiling point characteristics. Therefore, distillation process depends on the vapor pressure characteristics of liquid mixtures.
Distillation is a process in which a liquid or vapor mixture of two or more substances is separated into its component fractions of desired purity, by the application and removal of heat.
•Distillation is based on the fact that the vapor of a boiling mixture will be richer in the components that have lower boiling points.
•Therefore, when this vapors cooled and condensed, the condensate will contain more volatile components. At the same time, the original mixture will contain more of the less volatile material.
•Distillation columns are designed to achieve this separation efficiently.
