How to reduce the difficulties and to reduce the time for component design?

Great answers ... I may add "to benchmark" with similar success stories/components and try to find added value when possible.. That's a shortcut , isn't it?

Following a documented procedure for design is also pertinent. Many a times it is required to document the roadmap of the design procedurefor transparency within the organisation. Also a standard operating procedure (SOP) ensure that the output of the process is within the realms of calculated risks. procedure like DFMEA, DFMA, SIX Sigma, PPAP are some procedures, that can be adopted to reduce the component design failures.

Employ competent people.

Use latest and relevent technology.

Evaluate existing processes / procedures periodically.

Provide trainings to employes so that they shall learn to think out of box.

It would be very much useful if Finite element analysis is carried out on the component.This would help the engineer to get to know the stresses that are coming on to the component through which the design engineer would accordingly change his design.
The whole process is just simulation of the component, this would also save time and also production cost.

searching and learning

It's important to perform analytic calculation before starting in the practical design work, it might reduces future mistakes concerning your design.

Prototypes save time and money and reduce problems

use rathre design process or re design parts