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A non conformance is an instance when a product does not meet product specifications—whether the nonconformity is major or minor—and therefore does not conform to requirements.
It consists of CAR & PAR.
CAR:- stands for “corrective action request,” and it means the act of originating a corrective action. The essence of CAR is to investigate a problem that already happened and requires root cause analysis and resolution to prevent recurrence.
PAR:- stands For preventive action request, is similar to a CAR. PAR is one of the most widely used terms for preventive actions. PARs to conduct an investigation to find the root cause(s) of a potential problem so that it does not come to pass.