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Nurses have four core responsibilities: promotion of health, prevention of disease, curative and rehabilitative. As I've worked in both hospital and occupational setting, all I can say is both branches contribute for your professional growth. In occupational setting you will learn more about promotion of health and prevention of disease. In hospital setting, you will learn more about curative and rehabilitative.
There is a relationship, because some tasks both nurses are performing. For the Occupational Health Nurse the effects of the job on the employee itself are important. Goal:keep the employee healthy and identify and control the effects of the job.
The Hospital setting nurse is more focussed on the patient with care and treatment.
The effects of her/his job/task are more on the background.