In modern competitive marketing, who employs Agricultural Marketing?

In modern competitive marketing, Agricultural marketing techniques are used in every corner of "agribusiness," including small farms, corporate farms, and collectives; distributors; manufacturers of farm equipment, pesticides, and genetic enhancements for crops and livestock; feed and seed sellers; and more. Additionally, there are also government agencies which monitor and direct agribusiness practices.

· Farmers seek higher prices for their produce, and protection from price fluctuations. They try to reduce the amount of post-harvest waste, and secure guarantees for the sale of their produce. They may also work to open up new markets or channels, such as selling directly to consumers instead of through producers.

· Agrichemical companies promote solutions to farm problems, offering farmers higher yields and protection from pests. However, many solutions would be more strongly resisted by consumers, if it weren’t for effective public relations.

· Government agencies at both the federal and state level campaign for farm production. The USDA Agricultural Marketing Service runs a number of different programs to promote farm sales (and prices). The agriculture-rich state of California produces some $ billion dollars’ worth of agricultural products annually, and is one of the largest food exporters in the world. To protect this investment, the state has government-mandated programs covering about percent of its agricultural production.

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In my opinion, the importance of rooting the modern concept of marketing based on the consideration of this type of marketing as a function comprehensive ongoing before the production of the commodity and that consumer desires study, conditions of competition, and estimate the expected sales volume .. which requires the importance of introducing investment opportunities in the field of agricultural marketing including consulting firms to do such this business.

The importance of strengthening concepts related to production and marketing management, such as the unified purchase of inputs to contribute to the reduction of variable costs, and operation of the facility at full capacity to contribute to the reduction of fixed costs, and determine the appropriate time for planting and marketing, finding a correlation between the farmers on the one hand and the marketing companies and large markets for the sale of food from On the other hand. All this to be a farmer in a better competitive position is achieved by the entities to farmers finding them in pictures cooperatives and agricultural marketing.

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The co-operative enterprise has its origins in the 19th century and has become one of the most ubiquitous examples forms of business/economic enterprise. Co-operatives exist in all countries of the world and operate under diverse political systems: from communism to capitalism. The majority of these co-operatives are, through their national apex organisations, ultimately in membership of the International Co-operative Alliance (ICA), the representative world body of co-operatives of all types.

The motivation to form co-operatives has three particular aspects:

the need for protection against exploitation by economic forces too strong for the individual to withstand alone

the impulse for self-improvement by making the best use of often scarce resources

the concern to secure the best possible return from whatever from of economic activity within which the individual engages whether as a producer, intermediary or consumer.

It is the belief that each of these aspirations can most advantageously be pursued and secured in concert with like-minded people that provides the stimulus to co-operative action. The underpinning principles with are those of self-help, voluntary participation, equity, democracy, and a common bond of common need and purpose. The cohesion of the group is maintained by ensuring that individual members cannot secure power or gain advantages at the expense of the others. Co-operatives reward participation in the co-operative venture rather than rewarding capital Self-interest is a primary motivator in co-operative enterprises, with economic gain being the primary objective. In these respects, co-operatives differ little from capitalistic enterprises; self-interest is simply pursued in a different way from the capitalist enterprise. Thus, the rate of interest paid on share capital is fixed and limited, and not subject to variation according to the amount of profit made. Secondly the use and distribution of surplus is restricted to one or more of the following purposes:

allocation to reserves, where it becomes collectively-owned capital and is thereafter non-distributable

for use on, or donation to, common-good, community project

distribution to members in proportion to the trade each member has done with the co-operative. In other words, the distribution is made not in relation to capital held, but by declaring a bonus or dividend per cash unit of trade done

I'll leave the experts to answer this one, thank you for the opportunity to grow my understanding.

I agree with your answers .......................