If a ship insured showing travel route path is A, but traveled in different route and met with accident due to sea perils. can it claim insurance?

In marine insurance, usually it is specified on which route the vessel will take so the insurance company can measure the risk through historical data. Depending on the policy terms this should be specified and you can review it for specific information. 

No. It is not eligible for claiming insurance as it was changed and travelled in other than the path which was provided while getting Insurance. Thanks.