What is a affirmative action program ?

An Affirmative Action program includes those policies, practices, and procedures that the contractor implements to ensure that all qualified applicants and employees are receiving an equal opportunity for recruitment, selection, advancement, and every other term and privilege associated with employment.

Its actually a policy which helps unprivileged group /people by providing equal opportunity.

This includes all type /races /gender and assure their participation.

it helps diversity ... 

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Affirmative action programs contain a number of quantitative analyses designed to evaluate the composition of a contractor's workforce as compared to the composition of the relevant labor pools.

Affirmative action programs include action-oriented programs. If women and minorities are not being employed at an expected rate given their availability in the relevant labor pool, the contractor's affirmative action program will includes specific practical steps designed to address this underutilization.

Effective affirmative action programs also include internal auditing and reporting systems as a means of measuring the contractor's progress toward achieving the workforce that would be expected in the absence of discrimination.

Affirmative actions include training programs, outreach efforts, and other positive steps

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