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There is no such thing as "best/better programming environment" without context. The answer depends heavily on your project's needs and necessities.
Your question is subjective. It's purely upto your opinion.
Both techniques are Best Of the Best
but if you asking for advise : .net is better I Think
Because .net have a very good Developing Environment and Tools and Microsoft support from the back scene and every day comes with new enhancement from microsoft or others through the web
Personnally : C# is a very good choise
well in this situation it is an opinion not a case of which is better because both language provide great enviroment to work with and both of them are usefull and helpful in all the ways. so in my opinion i prefer .net, i think it is more freindly than java.
this is depend on your requirement or need, but if you want to develop a secure web based application or website just opt Java and for windows application no doubt it is .net.
It depends on the OS environments you want to run your applications. If it is a world other then Microsoft then JAVA is best solution. Microsoft has limitations on other OS's, but JAVA doesn't have any. Other then this it also depends on the skill set of the programmers and architects you have available in your organization.
From technical point of view both are almost identical as you can program on it using best practises or can easily get away with spaghetti code.
In general, there is no difference. Both are driven by the smae concept (OOP). But if you go to little details such as Garbage Collection, .NET is way better in handling it. Just try a program that depends on the JAVA SDK, the JAVA DEV Platform will take at least500 MB of RAM (very huge). You may also take into consideration, the support for the platform : Microsoft is considered the best in the world in supporting its products.
On the other hand, JAVA is more flexible, open source. You can do what ever you want without paying anything .
So unless your client requires Open Source tech, I would go with .NET
My advise is to search on Google, you can find many articles and different oppenions about this topic.
But anyway, as others said, the answere depends on the nature of the application you're working on.
My preference is .NET; it is simply faster (on windows) and is more stable. Having worked on both .NET and Java myself, I can say that .NET is more stable than Java, not because of the language itself, but because the practices, tools, syntax, IDE, etc... forces the developer to pay attention to things that a Java developer wont pay attention to.
And yes, do you know why Java developers hate C#? simply because they can't see sharp :-)
I feel .net and Java are driven by strong Object oriented concepts and they are equally competitors .if you take Microsoft .net we have lot of help resource and tools especially for starter like the questioner.
When it comes to who is best they are good in their verticals in other words banking sectors widely use java related products and .net is mainly target application based to main target customer would be windows
To choose which one to go it depends if you are good in OOP’s you can switch any time for any good developer who is good in OOPS and concepts Program Language is not constrain… Hope this give you idea J
If you want your program to be a platform independent then use java. as its free and platform independent whereas .net is microsoft product. it will run only on windows only