Which protocol and port would you need to open in your firewall to allow Remote Desktop connections?

RDP protocol,3389 TCP inbound, for web RDP open https443 inbound.

you do not have to configure Firewall when you allow remote Desktop Connection window Automaticaly Open the Port  To allow RD Connection

if it is not work you can config Firewall to allow Remote Descktop Connection (window7)

1. Go to  Control Panel>System and Security>Firewall.

2. In the left pane, click Allow a program or feature through Windows Firewall.

3. Click Change settings. 

4. Under Allowed programs and features, select the check box next to Remote Desktop, and then use the check boxes in the columns to select the network location types you want to allow communication on.

5. Click OK.

Without any hassle to modify the inbound/outbound rules in the firewall, you can use a third-party application software called 'Teamviewer' to remotely access hosts and servers.

You need port3389, TCP for Remote Desktop Connection. For Remote Desktop Web Connection, you need port80, TCP and port3389, TCP.

 the protocole is TCP

port 9418