Can behavior change be observed on the job as a result of the training (i.e., training transfer)?

yes it can cause trainning can change many of what human gain from life acts

I prefer calling it as change of performance on the job.

Just a trained employee is automatically change their behavior because a training material and training the trainee thought change for the better and feel a sense of responsibility toward business entrusted to him.

Of course, it is the fruit of training results.

Absolutely yeah in case of effective training