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The DHCP Relay Agent component relays DHCP messages between DHCP clients and DHCP servers on different IP networks. Because DHCP is a broadcast-based protocol, by default its packets do not pass through routers. A DHCP relay agent receives any DHCP broadcasts on the subnet and forwards them to the specified IP address on a different subnet. The DHCP Relay Agent is compliant with RFC 1542, "Clarifications and Extensions for the Bootstrap Protocol." For each IP network segment that contains DHCP clients, either a DHCP server or a computer acting as a DHCP Relay Agent is required.
reference:http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd469685.aspx
