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u can control the motor speed by using gear box or VFD drives and VFD (Variable Frequency Drives are the best choice on Torque,power saving,Constant speed Application.
Simply you install a VVVF converter & use Frequency drive motor
Yes VFD is the most suitable device for controlling the speed of motor.
Using gears will not be a suitable decision, it can be done by adding resistance, a person can use capacitors and relays to reduce the speed of any kind of motor. Normally we use capacitors to increase and decrease the speed.
DOL Starter
Star / Delta Starter
Soft Starter (Variable Frequency Drive).
I have mentioned the above all are the type of starters for control the Induction motors. But the selection of starters is depends to the type of application, load & cost.
Armature control method is the best method to control the speed of induction motor