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A patent is a document which describes an invention and creates a legal situation in which the invention can normally only be exploited with the authorization of the owner of the patent. In other words, a patent protects an invention, and grants to the owner the exclusive rights to use his/her invention for a limited period of time. And an invention may be defined as a new solution to a technical problem.
The exclusive right, granted by the government, to make use of an invention or process for a specific period of time, usually14 years.