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No - IAX, SIP and H.323 are layer4 and layer5 protocols. Latency is introduced at Layers1-3 in the OSI model.
Essentially, Layer1 (the physical connectivity) is limited by the medium (ie: fiber, copper, wireless).
Layer2 adds a very small amount of latency as it is usually site-switching specific
Layer3 does add latency, but it depends on the distance limitations from layers1 and2.