What are the differences between procedure-oriented languages and object-oriented languages?

Object Oriented Programming is basically based on the concept "Everything in your Software code is a "CLASS"  of different and unique "Set of Objects belonging to this CLASS"

the functions that work on class objects are called "methods" and they do specific job on these Objects Only.

Using and Manipulating Objects are available only using the defined methods in the CLASS they belong to One method can be used on different instances of the same object at the same time.

 

 

In simple words procedure-oriented language or program is basically a set of individual functions that when given any set of arguments, will accept it as long as it the correct number and type, then process and faithfully returns its output.
Here functions access  or accept any shared or global data.
But in Object Oriented languages or programs, the data and the function is bundled into a single object and the function provide the only means of doing something with that data. 
Here system objects never access  or accept shared or global data, but only the data which is supplied within the object.

procedural language: 1.doesnt uses objects 2.
code is not divided into different functions 3.no code reusability 4.uses only procedures-top to bottom approach 5.cobol is best example for procedural language 6.takes long time to compile and difficult to find errors oops: 1.we can use objects to identify different classes 2.divide code into different classess 3.code reusability 4.speed compilation and execution 5.easy to correct errors and easy to understand 6.bottom to top approach

in case of procedure oriented language emphasis is on procedure but in oop emphasis is on data in case of procedure oriented language program are divided to functions but in case of oop program are divides into objects.
in case of oops the data is hidden and notaccessable to the external methods.
but incase of procedure oriented language data are transfered to the other function.

a) In procedural program, programming logic follows certain procedures and the instructions are executed one after another.
In OOP program, unit of program is object, which is nothing but combination of data and code.
b) In procedural program, data is exposed to the whole program whereas in OOPs program, it is accessible with in the object and which in turn assures the security of the code.