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Corporate governance is concerned with how a company is governed. Does it have the best legal structure for its business? Does it follow codes of practice? Are there proper separation of powers and accountability? Are the non-executive directors truly independent or are they cronies of the chairman? Who is checking that the finance director isn't stealing the money?
Social responsibility, often given as Corporate Social Responsibility or CSR, is concerned with how a company interacts with society, in particular with disadvantaged groups. A company's donations to charity are a CSR activity. Many large companies have large sections devoted to CSR in their annual reports, although whether they actually do very much is another matter.