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RDP is actually a much more efficient protocol than VNC
VNC works, as by sending a picture of the desktop across the network. There are some optimizations, such as only sending parts of the screen which have changed.
RDP, on the other hand, works by sending instructions on how to draw the screen to the client computer. Rather than sending a picture of a Window, the host machine sends a description of the window to the client machine, then the client machine is responsible for rendering an image and displaying it. Nearly all of the time, these instructions are much less bandwidth-intensive than VNC's protocol would be.
Remote Desktop can use either LAN and WAN Network connection. You can also used RD if the server was setup as public IP you can access the server outside the company network using Internet. Unlike VNC you can only use it in the same network in the company locally.
Windows Remote Desktop works on locally connected systems, sharing the same network.
VNC is used through the internet domain and can be used with any devices connected with internet.
