What are the power quality problems, and how can measure and solve every one?

In Generation End,

we generally found High Harmonics in Power-System, which causes malfuntioning, Hot-spot generation in Core of different Electrical Items, Over-heating of Coil, say Choke. And all this is due to the Effect of Low Power-Factor, High harmonics.

Action to be taken:

First Measure % Thd in our System.

2nd Measure Power Factor of our System

Remedial Action:

Install Reactor-Capacitor Bank.

Maintain Power-factor between 0.86 to 0.95 in our system.( Avoid Unity or Leading Operation)

 In T&D System :

Along with Harmonics we found Voltage-Regulation & Stability is one of the major Problem in Power System. 

Remedial Action: Install SVC( Static Var Compensator ), Isolation Transformer, Phase-Balancer etc....

EMD(Online and Offline), Thermography and power analysis test- These test should be done on regular basis to get the condition of both physical and internal condition of electrical power system. The action plan following the findings should be done seriously considering both corrective and preventive measures.

But of course If during preventive maintenance you found something- Don't wait till the reports of various test, just do the maintenance. In electrical the more you are proactive the more you are trouble free.

Also the quality of power that is being received is important. May be if you are receiving power from a substation(third party- Government substation) which is in depleted condition, then you have to take the best measures to reduce the flaws.

We all know the basic mitigation solutions, but we must first isolate the electrical faults causing these basic Power Quality issues. We all tend to rush to the medications with out diagnosing the disease !