What are the types of food and beverage services?

Food and beverage service types

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Food and Beverage Service TypesThe food & beverage industry is usually defined by it outputof products, to satisfy the various demands of food & drinksof people. Bu it doesn’t include the manufacturing of food &drink and its retailing. In today’s world, the food & beverageservice industry has expanded a lot and nowadays, it isserving morem than 100million meals per day. It has spreadacross all walks – of life. Hotel, restaurants, industrialcanteen, hospital canteen, railway, airways, all are now part offood & beverage service industry.The basic function of this industry is to serve food & drink topeople, to satisfy their various types of needs. The main aim isto achieve customer satisfaction. The needs that customermight be seeking to satisfy are:∙ Physiological: the need of special food items∙ Economic: the need for good value for the price paid∙ Social: a friendly atmosphere, to express feelings frankly∙ Psychological: the need for enhancement of self‐esteem∙ Convenience: the desire for someone else to do the work.These various needs play a major role in deciding the factorsresponsible for defining the different type of service methodsin Food & Beverage service industry. The service of f & bmay be carried out in many ways depending on a number offactors:∙ The type of establishment∙ The type of customer to be served∙ The time available for the meal∙ The turnover of customer expected∙ The type of menu presented∙ The cost of meal served∙ The site of establishment

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Food & beverage service can also be viewed from thecustomer’s perspective. Essentially, the customer enters afood service area, orders or selects his/ her choice and then isserved (the customer may pay either at this point or later).Food and beverages are then consumed, following which thearea is cleared. Broadly we can categorise the servicemethods in five types:A. Table ServiceB. Assisted serviceC. Self‐ serviceD. Single point serviceE. Specialized or in situ serviceA. Table ServiceIn this category, the guest enters in the area and is seated.Menu lists are given or displayed for orders. The orders arebeen taken by waiter/ess. Then the service is done using a laidcover on the table. The following are types of service comeunder this category:English Service: Often referred to as the "Host Service"because the host plays an active role in the service. Food isbrought on platters by the waiter and is shown to the host forapproval. The waiter then places the platters on the tables. Thehost either portions the food onto the guest plates directly orportions the food and allows the waiter to serve. Forreplenishment of guest food the waiter may then take thedishes around for guests to help themselves or be served bythe waiter.French Service: It is a very personalised service. Food isbrought from the kitchen in dishes and salvers, which areplaced directly on the table. The plates are kept near the dishand the guests help themselves.

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Silver Service: The table is set for hors doeuvres, soup, maincourses and sweet dish in sterling silverware. The food isportioned into silver platters at the kitchen itself, which areplaced at the sideboard with burners or hot plates to keep thefood warm in the restaurant. Plates are placed beforethe guest. The waiter then picks the platter from the hot plateand presents the dish to the host for approval.He serves each guest using a service spoon and fork. All foodis presented in silver dishes with elaborate dressing.American/Plate Service: The American service is apre‐plated service, which means that the food is served intothe guests plate in the kitchen itself and brought to the guest.The kitchen predetermines the portion and theaccompaniments served with the dish and then balance theentire presentation in terms of nutrition and colour. This typeof service is commonly used in a coffee shop where service isrequired to be fast.Russian Service: An elaborate silver service thought to be thefoundation of French service except that the food is portionedand carved by the waiter at the gueridon trolley in therestaurant in full view of the guests. Display and theatricalpresentation are a major part of this service. The principleinvolved is to have whole joints, poultry, game and fishelaborately dressed and garnished, presented to guests andcarved and portioned by the waiter.Guèridon Service: This is a service where a dish comespartially prepared from the kitchen to be completed in therestaurant by the waiter or, when a complete meal is cooked atthe tableside in the restaurant. The cooking is done on agueridon trolley, which is a mobile trolley with a gas cylinderand burners. The waiter plays a prominent part, as he isrequired to fillet, carve, flambé and prepare the food with

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showmanship. The waiter has to have considerable dexterityand skill.Snack‐bar Service: Tall stools are placed along a counter sothat the guest may eat the food at the counter itself. In betterestablishments, the covers are laid out on the counter itself.Food is either displayed behind the counter for the guests tochoose from, or is listed on a menu card or simple blackboard.B. Assisted ServiceIn this type of category, the guest enters in the dining area andhelps himself to the food, either from a buffet counter or hemay get served partly at table by waiter/ess and he collectsany extras he needs from the counter. Eating may be done oneither at table, standing or in lounge area/ banquet hall. BuffetService: A self‐service, where food is displayed on tables. Theguest takes his plate from a stack at the end of each table orrequests the waiter behind the buffet table to serve him. Forsit‐down buffet service, tables are laid with crockery andcutlery as in a restaurant. The guest may serve himself at thebuffet table and return to eat at the guest table laid out. Thewaiter may serve a few courses like the appetiser and soup atthe table.C. Self ServiceIn this type of service, the guest enters in the dinning area, selects hisown tray or from the food counter and carries food by himself to hisseating place.Cafeteria Service: This service exists normally in industrial canteens,colleges, hospitals or hotel cafeterias. To facilitate quick service, themenu is fixed and is displayed on large boards. The guest mayhave to buy coupons in advance, present them to the counter waiterwho then serves the desired item. Sometimes food is displayed behindthe counter and the guests may indicate their choice to the counterattendant. The food is served pre‐plated and the cutlery is handeddirectly to the guest. Guests may then sit at tables and chairs provided

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by the establishment. Sometimes high tables are provided whereguests can stand and eat.D. Single Point ServiceIn this category, the guest orders, pays for his order and gets servedall at a single point. There may be may not be any dinning area orseats. The different types are:Take Away: Customer orders and is served from single point, atcounter, hatch or snack stand; customer consumes off the premises.Vending: Provision of food service and beverage service by means ofautomatic retailing.Kiosks: Outstation to provide service for peak demand or in specificlocation (may be open for customers to order or used for dispensingonly).Food Court: series of autonomous counters where customers mayeither order and eat or buy from a number of counters and eat inseparate eating area, or take‐away.E. Specialised ServiceIn this category the guest is served at the place, which is not meant ordesignated for food & beverage service (i.e. guest rooms or anyspecial area).Grill Room Service: In this form of service various meats are grilledin front of the guest. The meats may be displayed behind a glasspartition or well decorated counter so that the guest can select hisexact cut of meat. The food comes pre‐plated.Tray service: Method of service of whole or part of meal on tray tocustomer in situ, e.g. hospitals aircraft or railway catering.Trolley service: Method of service of food and beverages formtrolley, away from dining areas, e.g. for office workers, in aircraft oron trains.Home‐ Delivery: Food delivered to customer’s home or place ofwork, e.g. Pizza home delivery or Meal on wheels etc.Lounge Service: Service of variety of foods and beverages in loungearea.Room Service: It implies serving of food and beverage in guestrooms of hotels. Small orders are served in trays. Major meals aretaken to the room on trolleys. The guest places his order with the

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room service order taker. The waiter receives the order and transmitsthe same to the kitchen. In the meanwhile he prepares his tray ortrolley. He then goes to the cashier to have a check prepared to takealong with the food order for the guests’ signature or payment.Usually clearance of soiled dishes from the room is done after half anhour or an hour. However, the guest can telephone Room Service forthe clearance as and when he has finished with the meal. There aretwo types of Room Service:a)Centralized room service: Here al the food orders are processedfrom the main kitchen and sent to the rooms by a common team ofwaiters.b)Decentralized room service: Each floor or a set of floor may haveseparate pantries to service them. Orders are taken at a central pointby order‐takers who in turn convey the order to the respective pantry.c)Mobile Room service: Some hotels have pantries installed in serviceelevators. A central point that conveys it to the mobile pantry receivesorders. The pantry has to just switch on the floor and give instantservice. For the sake of information, in countries, which have ashortage of manpower, large hotels install mechanized dispensingunits in rooms. The guest inserts the necessary value of coins into themachine, which will eject pre-prepared food and beverages for guestconsumption.

Self-service, French, English, Russian, American, Italian, Chinese and oriental snacks and buffet open and service-kart, and service concerts

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