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There is no 'best programming web language' it is about what you want to do with this language , for a start you have to learn a front-end technologies like HTML5,CSS3,JavaScript and Jquery this sharp your skills with bootstrap for front-end developing.
for backened there is a many languages most popular:C#(.net framework),php(laravel5 ,cakephp),Ruby on rails .. and much more.
all the backend languages are similar in jobs and syntax , but i always recommend open source languages and projects
C#,PHP,Java . C# is relatively easy as compared to other due to intellisense of visual studio.
HTML,CSS,Jquery is not a programming language.HTML is markup language ,CSS is also markup used with HTML, Jquery is a javascript library.
I think HTML along with combination of CSS, jquery, PHP, Bootstrap etc is the best to use and understand.
I think that Javascript is the best now, we can find that Javascript's framework dominate the Web such as MEAN (MangoDB, AngularJS, ExpressJS and NodeJS) also several others like KnockoutJS, EmberJS, ReactJS (Facebook is created now with ReactJS and Flux)...