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Planning mainly involves setting of Goals & Objectives and the means of achieving them.
The steps are;
Scanning the environment-SWOT Analysis.
Establishing Goals & Objectives- should be SMART.
Forecasting or Premising.
Determing alternative courses of action.
Evaluating the courses of action.
Selection of the most suitable & appropriate course (s) of action.
Formation of derivatives/sub-plans.
Quantity resource analysis- ie budgeting.
Implementation, organising, control & evaluation
Planningis the process of thinking about and organizing the activities required to achieve a desired goal.
It involves the creation and maintenance of a plan, such as psychological aspects that require conceptual skills.
In organizations, planning is a management process, concerned with defining goals for company's future direction and determining on the missions and resources to achieve those targets.