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The disadvantages are :1 . large KVA rating of equipment
2 . Greater conductor size
3 . large copper losses
4 . poor voltage regulation
5 .Reduced handling capacity of system
Higher current is required by the equipment, due to which the economic cost of the equipment is increased. At low power factor, the current is high which gives rise to high copper losses in the system and therefore the efficiency of the system is reduced.
Poor/Low power factor means more line loss and low transmission efficiency, more Capital Investment, ,loss of generating capacity, poor voltage regulation and greater Conductor size required, more reactive power consumption. Low lagging power factor causes a large voltage drop,hence extra regulation equipment is required to keep voltage drop within prescribed limits.
low power factor load impact comes on generation, transmission and in brief it makes uneconomical power generation and transmission.
Actually
Low power factor load
to supply that load with full performance current have to increase in predominant manner
P=IV*pf
i=P/(V*pf) (since voltage and power of load constant)
i of stator have to increase, line current also increase to supply same load of low power factor
Line losses are 1.57 times unity power factor
Larger generators and transformers required
Low lagging power factor causes a large voltage drop,hence extra regulation equipment is required to keep voltage drop within prescribed limits.
Greater Conductor size -To transmit or distribute a fixed amount of power at fixed voltage,the conductors will have to carry more current at low power factor.This requires a large conductor size.
Poor power factor means more line loss and low transmission efficiency, more Capital Investment,large KVA rating of equipment – larger size and expensive,loss of generating capacity, poor voltage regulation and greater Conductor size required.
Power factor is inversely proportional to the Current Consumed so if the power factor is low then the current consumed for the loads will become higher and the consequences of that on the cost mainly and the strength of power network. while high KVA Rating will lead to the resize the equipment rating.
mauvaise facteur de puissance provoque un augmentation de energie reactive donc augmeentation de courant reatif donc un echauffement des cables avec une perte d'argent
1) Effect on Transmission lines -Greater conductor size
2) Effect on Generators, Transformers
3) High losses in power system
4) High Voltage drops -poor voltage regulation
case of low Power Factor, there would be large voltage drop and large line losses and this will cause the system or equipments efficiency too low, also there would be large line losses; therefore, alternator needs high excitation, thus, generation efficiency would be low
