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The name “TCP/IP” refers to an entire suite of data communications protocols. The suite gets its name from two of the protocols that belong to it: the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP). TCP/IP is the traditional name for this protocol suite and it is the name used in this book. The TCP/IP protocol suite is also called the Internet Protocol Suite (IPS). Both names are acceptable.
Open protocol standards, freely available and developed independently from any specific computer hardware or operating system. Because it is so widely supported, TCP/IP is ideal for uniting different hardware and software components, even if you don’t communicate over the Internet.
how it works : - TCP/IP creates a heterogeneous network with open protocols that are independent of operating system and architectural differences. TCP/IP protocols are available to everyone and are developed and changed by consensus, not by the fiat of one manufacturer. Everyone is free to develop products to meet these open protocol specifications.
When a user issues command using tcp/ip ,a chain of event is set in motion. The users message passes through TCP/IP stack on local machine and then across the network media to the protocol on the receipent.the protocols on each layer host add information to the original data this is the way how TCP/IP protocol handle data communication
Application Layer—User Initiates Communication. The packet's history begins when a user on one host sends a message or issues a command that must access a remote host. The application protocol formats the packet so that the appropriate transport layer protocol, TCP or UDP, can handle the packet.
When a user issues a command that uses a TCP/IP application layer protocol, a series of events is initiated. The user's command or message passes through the TCP/IP protocol stack on the local machine. Then the command or message passes across the network media to the protocols on the recipient. The protocols at each layer on the sending host add information to the original data.
