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My question will defuse a great misunderstanding and misuse of the3 terminologies. As we have always used them in the work place with no distinction or identification of the root causes before using them.
Simply:
Coaching is a process where the coach role is to create awareness, confidence, and safe, carrageous space for the client to fix his own problems as the client is resourceful, creative and whole. coach should avoid giving advice, judgment and criticism.
Mentoring is a techniques to direct a client toward better place
Counselling is about bringing own experience and skills to help the client overcome difficult situations.
I agree with first given answers. I could only add that I see 3 layers where mentoring is more subject-related; a mentor gives guidance if the men-tee gets stuck. One layer deeper is coaching where a goal or goals are being defined and where the coach helps to succeed. Its a layer deeper because there are more internal focused then the mentor. deepest layer is counseling where at the start it is unclear what the end is. The questions are more profound and the subject of it all is of a more personal and intimate level. Its not only a deeper level and more personal, it can also be very time consuming....