how can you design a successful questionnaire to support your research work?

Questionnaires need to be carefully developed, tested, and debugged before they are administered on a large scale.
In preparing a questionnaire, the researcher carefully chooses the questions and their form, wording, and sequence.
The form of the question can influence the response.
Marketing researchers distinguish between closed-end and open-end questions.
Closed-end questions specify all the possible answers and provide answers that are easier to interpret and tabulate.
Open-end questions allow respondents to answer in their own words and often reveal more about how people think.
They are especially useful in exploratory research, where the researcher is looking for insight into how people think rather than measuring how many people think a certain way.
SAMPLING PLAN
1- Sampling unit: Who is to be surveyed? The marketing researcher must define the target population that will be sampled.

2- Sample size: How many people should be surveyed? Large samples give more reliable results than small samples.

3- Sampling procedure: How should the respondents be chosen? to obtain a representative sample, a probability sample of the population should be drawn.
QUESTIONNAIRE DO'S AND DON'TS 1.
Ensure that questions are without bias.
Do not lead the questions respondent into an answer.
2.
Make the questions as simple as possible.
Questions that include multiple ideas or two questions in one will confuse respondents.
3.
Make the questions specific.
For example, it is good practice to be specific with time periods.
4.
Steer clear of sophisticated or uncommon words.
Only use words in common speech.
5.
Avoid ambiguous words.
Words such as "usually" or "frequently" have no specific meaning.
6.
Desensitize questions by using response bands.
For questions that ask people their age or companies their employee turnover, it is best to offer a range of response bands.
Analyze the Information The researcher tabulates the data and develops frequency distributions.
Averages and measures of dispersion are computed for the major variables.
The researcher will also apply some advanced statistical techniques and decision models in the hope of discovering additional findings.

The answers to the question should be relevant in proving or contradicting the hypothesis.

All answers are right but questionnaire designing is not an independent exercise.
There are many do and don'ts in questionnaire designing but most important is what problem you are addressing.
All questions should be based on your objectives .
Because questionnaire is a way of data collection if your data is not as per the problem then SPSS which a very powerful statistical software will be useless.

The key to effective questionnaire design is knowing exactly what you want to find out.
The purpose and structure of your questionnaire are important, as is the wording of the questions.
There are few important steps involved in the development of a questionnaire: 1.
Decide the information required.
2.
Define the target respondents.
3.
Choose the method(s) of reaching your target respondents.
4.
Decide on question content.
5.
Develop the question wording.
6.
Put questions into a meaningful order and format ( Choose scaling with care).
7.
Check the length of the questionnaire.
8.
Pre-test the questionnaire.
9.
Develop the final survey form.

I think the research questions should filfull the purose of the goal.
in my idea, the researcher have do divide the questionnair into two section.
first, the genneral qustions such as the age, degree, status, and the region.
The sond part should be more specific questions in the field you are searching in it.
These questions could be varies depends on the fields you are working on it.
To Ahmed, Abo Alsheen, you cannot test imperical sudy, uless you have a pilot study.
Pilot study is based on small size of people not more than 100 and not less than 25.
I would like to add more but i dont have time.

Most of the important aspects of creating and administering a questionnaire have been discussed by others here.
However, one thing, that should be taken into account is about the answer options given to the respondents .
Avoid multiple answer questions as much as possible.
Also refrain from using open ended questions for quantitative analysis.
If you simply provide a text box for the answer, it is very difficult to extract the correct and relevant info and then to quantify it at a later point of time.
The questionnaire has to be concise and should not contain any unwanted or redundant questions.
The longer the questionnaire, lesser are the chances that your respondents will fill it honestly and accurately.
Also, another point to take into consideration, especially if you are going to administer it online, is the survey mechanism(like survey monkey or google spreadsheet or whatever) has features that enable you to download the results in the required formats as per the requirements of your analysis.
It will save you a lot of time later, if you choose the right online platform to administer the survey.
Will make importing into SPSS and analyzing the data a lot easier.

Expert opinion for validity of tool and use SPSS to check the reliability of the tool. Moreover divide it into different sections or themes furthermore set indicators of each theme.

It is not random and easy to design a questionnaire. It is a tough work to do. There are several methods to do so. Designing a questionnaire is usually a study per se. Almost of researchers adopt a well established pre-designed survey/questionnaire for their studies.