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It is stored in Flash memory
Cisco IOS is stored in memory area called flash.And if flash memory is empty router will try to use TFTP to load an IOS image from stored Rom.
Onboard storage of Cisco IOS happens in FLASH
Flash is used for permanent storage of a full Cisco IOS software image in compressed form(.bin). Flash is also used to store the boot image and the NVRAM data.
NVRAM is used for writable permanent storage of the startup configuration. It is also used for permanent storage of hardware revision and identification information, and also Media Access Control (MAC) addresses for LAN interfaces.