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1. Water analysis (anions and cations): HPLC method
2. Isotopic elements (18O, 2H, 3H, 13C and 14C): Spectro meter of mass
3. Soil analysis: RX, HPLC...
XRf.. XrD.. SEM. Atomic Absortion Etc are all methods to find Geochemical Investigation of minerals
The analysis types I used in my mineral geochemistry studies involved first X-ray difractometry for mineral identification (based on the Bragg`s Law principle) and assessment of structural issues. For eample, in the case of the feldspars, K-feldspars (microcline) and plagioclase terms (albite, oligoclase) were undoubdfully identified and then some order-disorder characteristics and cell parameters were established. Subsequently, for the geochemical study per se, I used the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis on powders and electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) on thin slides - for the major elements and inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for minor and trace elements quantification. Also the EMPA provided information on the intimate feldspar structure, such as zoning and specific distributions at microscopic scale
In fact it is a big topic and has evolved extensively in recent years.
It is the oldest method of geochemical analysis
* The method of weight analysis Gravimetric Methods:
In which we melt the rock and then deposition of the element to be analyzed in the form of a composite and then separated and weighed, and the disadvantages of this method that they need to be experienced person in addition to it takes a very long time.
In the 1960s, scientists discovered the Rapid Silicat analysis:
Colourimetry: Analysis by Spectrophotometry.
Analysis of Flame Photometry.
Titration process.
Also of the methods used in geochemical analysis:
Neutron activation.
Isotope elilution.
3) Plasma Coupled Induced Coupled Plasma.
X-Ray fluorescence.
Atomic absorption.
All this way depends on the user's device and the sensitivity of the method.