What training evaluation methods I can use to assess employees, other than quick paper exams?

Thanks to invite.

Through his/her immediate professional superior/colleague. 

Thanks for invitation,

To follow up to what extent the trainees are they benefit from the training course in achieving development on their day-to-day work.

Will wait for the answers from experts.

You can assess the application of what they have learnt in their behaviours in the workplace. This isn't a quick method of testing though and you need to ensure that the momentum isn't lost after the intial training has taken place. 

case studies to asses thier attitude change toward the problems