What is the difference between LEASED-LINE & FRAME-RELAY connection?

A leased Line is a dedicated, point-to-point connection between two routers that pass through a WAN switch.
No-one else shares that line, there is no Frame-Relay Cloud, you (the company) have sole rights to all the bandwidth on that line.
Frame Relay is a "Packet Switched" WAN technology.
The virtual link between your local router and destination router is called a "Permanent Virtual Circuit" or PVC for short.
What that means is that the FRAMES (hint, Data Link layer Protocol Data Unit) are Relayed from the first Frame Relay switch that your local router is connected to and the last Frame Relay switch that the destination router is connected to.
The Frame Relay "cloud" between the first Frame Relay switch and the last Frame Relay switch is both shared by other customers of the internet service provider as well as your frames are switched and routed around by the internet service provider's networking devices until the frame reaches the destination router.
A way to visualize this is to imagine multiple computers plugged into an ethernet hub.

 I would say that with a leased line all the bandwidth is assigned to you. What ever you put in one end will/should come out at the other.

With Frame Relay you are only guaranteed your CIR. Any data transmitted which goes over the CIR is discard eligible and could be dropped.

So maybe where you work use the different technologies for different traffic types.

 

 

A leased Line is a dedicated, point-to-point connection between two routers that pass through a WAN switch. No-one else shares that line, there is no Frame-Relay Cloud, you (the company) have sole rights to all the bandwidth on that line. A PVC logically resembles a leased line, ie there is an always up connection between the two routers, but physically the router connects to a FR Switch which sits on the outside of the Frame Cloud. It passes this data to another FR Switch on the other side of the cloud, which then passes it on to the end router. Inside the cloud, ATM is usually used as the Layer2 protocol, and the network is shared between all users that have contracts with the FR provider. FR is a lot more complex, as you noted CIR's and access rates, there are also DLCIs which are used for addressing and things like DE, FECN and BECN that provide information on congestion. Good luck with you studies.

Frame-relay is used in the place of dedicated leased lines.

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