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It is used to reduce the damage on an earth fault. It capture the fault current when fault occur so that the extra current will not flow in the equipment in this way equipment is protected.
earthing resistance is the resistance of the conductor that lead the fault current to the earth. normally this is measured from the earth bar of the electrical system nearest one to the earth pit.
earthing resistance is always expected as minimum (close to zero is the best one) as possible. type of earth lead cable and earth electrode also important to reduce earthing resistance. constriction of earth pit is also important to limit the earthing resistance.
Siple, with no resistance, un-limited Current may flow.
Earthing Resistance may limit the Flowing current ...............
