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These are basic tools introduced by Prof. Ishikawa for people with little statistical training to troubleshoot quality related issues.
* Cause-and-effect diagram (also called Ishikawa or fishbone chart): Identifies many possible causes for an effect or problem and sorts ideas into useful categories.
* Check sheet: A structured, prepared form for collecting and analyzing data; a generic tool that can be adapted for a wide variety of purposes.
* Control charts: Graphs used to study how a process changes over time.
* Histogram: The most commonly used graph for showing frequency distributions, or how often each different value in a set of data occurs.
* Pareto chart: Shows on a bar graph which factors are more significant.
* Scatter diagram: Graphs pairs of numerical data, one variable on each axis, to look for a relationship.
* Stratification: A technique that separates data gathered from a variety of sources so that patterns can be seen (some lists replace “stratification” with “flowchart” or “run chart”).
cause & effect diagram, check sheets,control chart, histogram,pareto chart, scatter diagram,flow chart
Check, Cause, Control,
Histo, Pareto, Flow
and Scatter.
(if you wanna memorize them smooooothly ;)
Back in the early21st century, General Motors provided an answer to this as a support piece for TS16949. They were the8 basci elements of quality called "QSB" or Quality Systems Basics. I will leave it to you to google this and get their take on the basic tools of quality.