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Since the higher the frequency the more attenuation occurs to the radio signal with distance, higher radio frequencies need higher transmission power. So Uplink channels (transmitted from cell phone) gets lower frequency to save mobile battery.
BTS signal can afford to face path loss and provides good transmission to MS. whereas MS transmit at lower frequencies in uplink direction to save battery power.
High frequency means short wavelength. Low frequency means high wavelength. In downlink, BTS transmits power and it has definitely more power transmitting capacity as compared to mobile. On the other hand, mobile tranmistting power is lower as compared to BTS. So we use low uplink frequencies for Mobile transmission meaning high wavelength, meaning greater distance. This helps mobiles to communicate on uplink with BTS. I hope this answers .
In case of any addition/correction, i will appreciate.