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ERP systems experienced rapid growth in the 1990s. Because of the year 2000 problem and the introduction of the euro that disrupted legacy systems, many companies took the opportunity to replace their old systems with ERP.
ERP systems initially focused on automating back office functions that did not directly affect customers and the public. Front office functions, such as customer relationship management (CRM), dealt directly with customers, or e-business systems such as e-commerce, e-government, e-telecom, and e-finance—or supplier relationship management (SRM) became integrated later, when the Internet simplified communicating with external parties
"ERP II" was coined in 2000 in an article by Gartner Publications entitled ERP Is Dead—Long Live ERP ] It describes web–based software that provides real–time access to ERP systems to employees and partners (such as suppliers and customers). The ERP II role expands traditional ERP resource optimization and transaction processing. Rather than just manage buying, selling, etc.—ERP II leverages information in the resources under its management to help the enterprise collaborate with other enterprises. ERP II is more flexible than the first generation ERP. Rather than confine ERP system capabilities within the organization, it goes beyond the corporate walls to interact with other systems. Enterprise application suite is an alternate name for such systems. ERP II systems are typically used to enable collaborative initiatives such as supply chain management (SCM), customer relationship management (CRM), and business intelligence (BI) among business partner organizations through the use of various e-business technologies.
Developers now make more effort to integrate mobile devices with the ERP system. ERP vendors are extending ERP to these devices, along with other business applications. Technical stakes of modern ERP concern integration—hardware, applications, networking, supply chains. ERP now covers more functions and roles—including decision making, stakeholders' relationships, standardization, transparency, globalization, etc.
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implementing enterprise systems is to help companies to gain company-wide access to business knowledge, increase employee productivity and minimize the duplication of company data. Enterprise systems may also enable a business to reduce the cost of information technology and minimize the manual input of data. These enterprise system attributes offer particular benefits, such as the support of teamwork, an improved response to the marketplace, increased work quality and greater employee collaboration and efficiency.
Origin named "enterprise resource planning" is the Arabization of the name of planning in English Enterprise Resource Planning, and means almost literal translation "enterprise resource planning", has this term originated from a regular "planning needs material MRP" - later renamed planning Manufacturing MRP2- resources and "the computerization of manufacturing" , it was presented by the Gartner research and analysis. Resource planning systems currently seeking to cover all the basic functions of an enterprise, regardless of whether they are commercial or not, Alasnaaah institutions and non-profit organizations and governments, are now able to use resource planning systems.
To be considered as ERP system, we must offer a software function two systems at least system, for example, software that provides both job payroll and accounting group can be considered as a technical resource planning system software, however, the term is dedicated larger and with a wider range of applications.
Provide resource planning system as an alternative to or more independent of the two applications excludes the need for internal interfaces required in the past between systems, and provides additional benefits ranging from standardization and maintenance at least (one system instead of two or more) and even report the capabilities of the best and easiest (including that the data stored in one database ). Examples of units in the ERP system, which are already individual applications include: manufacturing, supply chain, finance and customer relationship management, human resources, warehouse management and decision support system.
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