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David A. Kolb's model is based on the Experiential learning Theory, as explained in his book Experiential Learning. The ELT model outlines two related approaches toward grasping experience: Concrete Experience and Abstract Conceptualization, as well as two related approaches toward transforming experience: Reflective Observation and Active Experimentation. According to Kolb's model, the ideal learning process engages all four of these modes in response to situational demands. In order for learning to be effective, all four of these approaches must be incorporated. As individuals attempt to use all four approaches, however, they tend to develop strengths in one experience-grasping approach and one experience-transforming approach. The resulting learning styles are combinations of the individual's preferred approaches. These learning styles are as follows:
1. Accommodators: Concrete Experience + Active Experiment
"Hands-on" and concert
Wants to do
Discovery method
Sets objectives/schedules
Asks questions fearlessly
Challenges theories
Adaptable
Receive information from others
Gut feeling rather than logic
2. Converger: Abstract Conceptualization + Active Experiment
"Hands-on" and theory
Analogies
Specific problems
Tests hypothesis
Best answer
Works alone
Problem solving
Technical over interpersonal
3. Diverger: Concrete Experience + Reflective Observation
Real life experience and discussion
Imaginative
More than one possible solution
Brainstorming and groupwork
Observe rather than do
Alternatives
Background information
4. Assimilator: Abstract Conceptualization + Reflective Observation
Theories and facts
Theoretical models and graphs
Talk about rationale rather than do
Lectures
Numbers
Defines problems
Logical Formats
Kolb's model gave rise to the Learning Style Inventory, an assessment method used to determine an individual's learning style. An individual may exhibit a preference for one of the four styles—Accommodating, Converging, Diverging and Assimilating—depending on their approach to learning via the experiential learning theory model.
Although Kolb's model is the most widely accepted with substantial empirical support, recent studies suggest the Learning Style Inventory (LSI) is seriously flawed
