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This system designed to receive, hold, and treat wastewater for a predetermined period of time. If necessary, they are lined with material, such as clay or an artificial liner, to prevent leaks to the groundwater below. In the lagoon, wastewater is treated through a combination of physical, biological, and chemical processes. Much of the treatment occurs naturally, but some systems use aeration devices to add oxygen to the wastewater.
the advantages and the disadvantages for this systeme are :
• Lagoon systems can be cost-effective to design and construct in areas where land is inexpensive.• They use less energy than most wastewater treatment methods.• They are simple to operate and maintain and generally require only part-time staff.• They can handle intermittent use and shock loadings better than many systems, making them a good option for campgrounds, resorts, and other seasonal properties.• They are very effective at removing disease-causing organisms (pathogens) from wastewater.• The effluent from lagoon systems can be suitable for irrigation (where appropriate), because of its high-nutrient and low pathogen content.• Lagoon systems require more land than other treatment methods.• They are less efficient in cold climates and may require additional land or longer detention times in these areas.• Odor can become a nuisance during algae blooms, spring thaw in cold climates, or with anaerobic lagoons and lagoons that are inadequately maintained.• Unless they are property maintained, lagoons can provide a breeding area for mosquitoes and other insects.• They are not very effective at removing heavy metals from wastewater.• Effluent from some types of lagoons contains algae and often requires additional treatment or "polishing" to meet local discharge standard
