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A lots of Differences between these two.
# Number of Share holder is limited in Private limited company but unlimited in Public Ltd co.
#Public Ltd co. is listed in any Stock exchange & Private Ltd is not listed. etc.
I would like to support the answer given by: Mr. Kallol Chandra Das.
Actually, the details of their difference depend on where the company is registered. However, the majority if not all jurisdictions would use the listing as its major difference. Consequently companies my differ in reporting requirements, corporate governance, liquidity, insolvency procedures, etc..
A private Ltd is not listed and an investment in such company may have a low to no liquidity and limited reporting obligations. The public company is listed on a public market and therefore offer a higher liquidity. However, jurisdicitions may differ with regard to the market on which a public company has to be listed. Some jurisdictions may require a listing on a regulated market, some may even accept a multilateral trading facility for a public company. In case the public entity is listed on an MTF, liquidity may not differ significantly from a private company. In case of certain minimum criteria of publicity, public limited companies may require higher standards in transparency.
