How many are the types of FMEA?

Dear Sir, == With the FMEA method, risks can be localized, their probabilities and consequences estimated, and precautions taken to prevent problems from happening.
=1= System-FMEA: it is used to analyze planned /proposed systems to make components, sub-systems and main systems.
It focuses on minimizing failure effects on the System, and aims to maximize System quality, reliability, cost and maintainability.
=2= Concept-FMEA is used to analyze concepts for systems and subsystems in the early stages, and works on defining and demonstrating balance among operational components.
It is specific to Ford only, which is performed on designs and processes.
During1980‟s, Ford used FMEA to reduce risk of "Fuel tank explosions" after a crash of their Pinto, and Presently, FMEA is a vital step during APQP/PPAP (especially Automotive Industry).
=3= Design-FMEA: it is a standardized industry-wide, which examines the functions of a component, subsystem or main system, i.e., analysis of products, high volume tools or standard machines, machine components, standard production tooling, etc., before they are released to production..
Design-FMEA is a thorough and detail analysis of the potential failure modes (soft and hard failures) related to the system primary functions and interface functions.
= Design-FMEA is also the primary document for capturing tests that are required to demonstrate we have avoided mistakes and potential failures like incorrect material choice or inappropriate specifications.
An example which may explain this issue can be illustrated in Car Air Bag trouble and reported by excessive air bag inflator force.
= Design-FMEA analyzes and prioritizes the effects and causes of failure mode actions, as well as identifies current controls and additional actions to reduce associated risks like maximizing design quality, reliability, cost and maintainability =4= Process- FMEA: It is also standardized industry-wide, which examines the processes used to make a component, subsystem, or main system.
It works on assembly and manufacturing issues concerning Manpower, Machine, Method, Material, Measurement and Environment.
= A Potential Failures may require Process-FMEA role to solve like operator assembling part incorrectly or excess variation in process resulting in out-spec products.
An example for this can be seen in Air Bag Assembly Process (operator may not install air bag properly on assembly line such that it may not engage during impact).
=5= Machinery FMEA is used to analyze low-volume specialty machinery (equipment and tools), that allows for customized selection of component parts, machine structure, tooling, bearings, coolants, Gauges, Work Stations, Production Lines, Operator Training, Processes etc.
= The Machinery is one of Design-FMEA application, and the Machinery-FMEA information has been provided due to the importance of Plant Machinery, Tooling, and Equipment functioning as intended in manufacturing and assembly plants.
= The use of the Machinery-FMEA, on Plant machinery, Tooling, and Equipment, will assist with the identification of potential Failure Modes, so that design and processing alternatives can be considered, prior to finalizing the Plant Machinery, Tooling, and Equipment Designs.

Types of FMEA’s

There are several types of FMEAs, some are used much more often than others. FMEAs should always be done whenever failures would mean potential harm or injury to the user of the end item being designed. The types of FMEA are:

• System - focuses on global system functions
• Design - focuses on components and subsystems
• Process - focuses on manufacturing and assembly processes
• Service - focuses on service functions
• Software - focuses on software functions

3 types of FMEA;

1-Design FMEA

2-Machine FMEA3-Process FMEA

1). Process - PFMEA

2). Design - DFMEA

3). Product - PFMEA

4). Software - SFMEA

5). Equipment - EFMEA

You can use FMEA tool for almost anything that can have potential of failure and hence requires risk mitigation. 

There are many types of FMEA but the most popular FMEA are product and process used in industry in order to prevent failures. Good FMEA is a result of a good work made by all the team and is the input of QM plan, process audit etc... If the company allows an importance to developpment FMEA steps the quality level will be high and the performane will increase