What are the major steps involved if employees gave their resignations once?

Its very simple that we should not get panic on receiving resignation from an employee and avoid making counter offers then find out the remaining days that he/she will remain with current organization so that the pending assignments could be completed without delay. in end find a suitable replacement from existing employees and make fresh recruitment for this assignment. that's it....

Its effectivity date,the reason and the standard days notice before the last day.Exit Interview also is required.

i'm an employee, I would like when resign from my job to have an exit interview. This will help me to leave peacefully and with clean sheet. for the employer it will highly help him  to improve his way and avoid losing more employees.