Causes of dry socket?

The main reason for dry socket is the blood compromise conditions at extraction site that lead to formation of infected clot or due to dislodgement  of clot 

different causes such as aggressive surgical extraction

smoking

diabetes

alcohol

 

Dry Socket also known as Alveolar Osteitis/Alveolitis Sicca Dolorosa particularly occurs after a traumatic extraction resulting in the dry appearence of the exposed bone in the socket due to disintegration or loss of blood clot.Usually develops 3-5 days post extraction.

Causes

-Insufficient blood supply to alveolus.

-Pre existing infection(granuloma,periodontal or pericoronitis)

-Loss  of clot due to patient negligence in not following the post operative intructions

-Large amount of anesthetic leading to vasoconstriction.

-trauma to alveolus during extaction

-Root/bone fragments/foreign bodies left back in socket

-Excessive irrigation and curettage of socket.

-Actions of the patient like coughing ,sneezing,sucking action of liquids,placing tongue over extaction site,rinsing with water after extaction.

Predisposing factors- like smoking,poor general health.

 

Alveolar osteitisis inflammationof the alveolar bone . Classically, this occurs as a post operativecomplicationoftooth extraction. Alveolar osteitis usually occurs where theblood clotfails to form or is lost from the socket. This leaves an empty socket where bone is exposed to theoral cavitu, causing a localized alveolar osteitis limited to thelamina dura. This specific type of alveolar osteitis is also known asdry socketor, less commonly,fibrinolytic alveolitis, and is associated with increased pain and delayed healing time. Dry socket occurs in about 0.5–5% of routine dental extractions,and in about 25–30% of extractions ofimpacted mandibular 3rd molars Since dry socket occurs exclusively following a dental extraction, it could be considered both acomplicationand an iatrogenic condition, but this does not take into account both the reason why the tooth required extraction (i.e., extraction may have been unavoidable due to significant pain and infection) and also the fact that many dry sockets are the result of poor compliance with postoperative instructions, notably refraining from smoking in the days immediately after the procedure.

Dry Socket is one of the most commonly occurring post surgical complication mainly seen within the first2-3 days of extraction noted by severe pain. The main causes of dry socket are traumatic extraction of teeth, heavy bleeding post extraction or dislodged blood clot. Care should be taken after the extraction of teeth and patient should properly follow the post extraction instructions given by the dentist. Patient should avoid too hot and too cold food/drinks for24 hrs. of extraction.

MAINLY  INFECTION AROUND  AND IN WOMEN ABOVE30 AND SYSTEMIC DISEASE