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When very low resistance / impedance is connected across potential difference, as per Ohm’s law, very high amount current flows for which system is not designed to carry such high amount of current. This is called short circuit. This may be either due to insulation failure or unintentional human mistake. This short circuit current is also called fault current.
The fault current, varies depending on impedance of network at the point of fault. The impedances of transformers, cables, transmission lines, Generators will decides fault current. The capacity to feed fault current at any point in network is called fault level at that point. This is specified in MVA. This may damage upstream equipments if fault sustains for longer period. This also creates voltage dips, frequency and power swings. This faulty part of network must be isolated as early as possible to reduce its effect on other healthy portion of network. A well designed protection system makes network reliable and stable.
For designing reliable and efficient protection system, it is essential calculate fault currents at all stages of network.
A short circuit is simply a low resistance connection between the two conductors supplying electrical power to any circuit. This results in excessive current flow in the power source through the 'short,' and may even cause the power source to be destroyed.
When two different paths of current join together then it is said to be a short circuit.
the current haas no load or resistance in their path and the maximum current passes through the circuit
A short circuit is an connection between two nodes of an electric circuit intended to be at different voltages wich causes circuit damage
short circuit is that which complets the circuit to flow the electric current.
A short circuit is an electrical circuit that allows a current to travel along an unintended path with no or a very low electrical impedance. The electrical opposite of ashort circuit is an "open circuit", which is an infinite resistance between two nodes.
The short circuit is the moment that the current through a wire vary large - we can talk that’s equal infinity - so from ohm’s law (v=I*R) how we can make the current infinity ? by substitute the resistor equal zeroo ( I = V/0 ) so the current will be infinite
We can observe when the imbedance be vary small value the current will be high value then the short circuit will happen
Generally,the electrical current is supposed to follow a path through a load or a higher impedance, but in some cases due to damage, human error or other reasons, it follows a low impedance path, causing high currents, thus heat and smoke,damage to devices in the new formed loop and also blown fuses in the immediate section of circuit.
It means that the path have no resistance and hence maximum current will flow through it.
