Where is the new projects of Power plant & water desalination plants in saudi arabia?

Saudi Arabia’s population has grown from4 million in to almost million in. It is is the main electricity producer and consumer in the Gulf States, with billion kWh gross production in – TWh from oil and TWh from gas. Energy use for electricity and heat production including desalination in was, PJ,% of it from oil. It consumes over one-quarter of its oil production, and while energy demand is projected to increase substantially, oil production is not and by a large proportion will be consumed domestically, much of it for electricity generation. 

Generating capacity is over GWe. Demand is growing8% per year and peak demand is expected to be GWe by and GWe by, driven partly by desalination increase. Saudi Arabia is unique in the region in having Hz grid frequency, which severely limits the potential for grid interconnections – it has no electricity import or export. Its population is about million, and per capita consumption about kWh/yr, heavily subsidised.

The Ministry of Water & Electricity (MOWE) is broadly responsible for power and desalination in the country.

It has plans to install GWe of renewable electricity capacity by, and GWe by, and is looking at the prospects of exporting up to GWe of this to Italy or Spain during winter when much generating capacity is under-utilised (cooling accounts for over half the capacity in summer). The GWe in was to comprise GWe CSP, GWe solar PV,4 GWe geothermal and waste (together supplying- TWh,-% of power), complementing GWe nuclear (supplying TWh/yr,% of power), and supplemented by.5 GWe hydrocarbon capacity which would be little used (c GWe) for half the year. The nuclear target date has now been put back to.

The Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC) increased its desalinated water output in by%, to more than1.1 billion cubic metres. The country continues to install huge desalination capacity, much of it thermal MSF and MED, but a lot is reverse osmosis (RO), driven by electricity.

It is expanding its Yanbu desalination plant to supply the Medina region. Phase1 is a, m3/d hybrid plant, mostly MSF using heat recovered from a gas turbine power plant, but with two RO units. Phase2 upgrades this and adds a, m3/day MED plant from Doosan using the heat from an associated MWe power plant, all costing over $1 billion. It will be the world's largest MED plant. Doosan will also build Yanbu3, a, m3/day MSF plant due for completion in. A, m3/d RO plant is planned at Rabigh in the west.

The world’s largest thermal desalination plant is Saudi Arabia’s1,, m3/d Ras Al Khair (Ras Azzour) MSF project northwest of Jubail, costing SAR billion ($7.2 billion) and built by Doosan. The project includes a2.6 GWe power plant. The hybrid desalination facility has a capacity of, m3/d multi-stage flash (MSF) evaporation and, m3/d RO membrane filtration. It will supply water from the Gulf to3.5 million people in the Riyadh area. The, m³/d Shoaiba3 plant was formerly the largest. Veolia has a $ million contract to build a, m3/d ultrafiltration and RO plant for Marafiq at the $.3 billion Sadara petrochemical complex, to come on line in mid-. The water will be for two cooling towers and as boiler feedwater.

The first of three phases of the King Abdullah Solar water initiative were expected to be operating by the end of. Phase1 involves construction of two solar plants which will generate MW of power for a, m3/d reverse-osmosis (RO) desalination plant at Al Khafji, near the Kuwait border. Phase2 will involve construction of a, m3/d desalination plant over three years. The third phase aims to implement the solar water initiative throughout Saudi Arabia, with the eventual target of seeing all the country's desalination plants powered by solar energy by. One of the main objectives of this initiative under King Abdullah City for Science & Technology (KACST) is to desalinate seawater at a cost of less than Riyal1.5/m3 (US$0./m³) compared with the current cost of thermal desalination, which KACST says is in the range Riyal2.0-5.5/m³ (US$0.-1./m³), and desalination by RO, which is Riyal2.5-5.5/m3 (US$0.-1./m3) for a desalination plant producing, m3/d.

Saudi Arabia's General Establishment for Water Desalination (GEWD) is, over the four years to, implementing new projects with a total production capacity of up to2.5 million m3/d in the Makkah region and the eastern province.

In August the Saudi government announced that it was considering a nuclear power program on its own, and in April a royal decree said: "The development of atomic energy is essential to meet the Kingdom's growing requirements for energy to generate electricity, produce desalinated water and reduce reliance on depleting hydrocarbon resources." The King Abdullah City for Atomic and Renewable Energy (KA-CARE) was set up in Riyadh to advance this agenda as an alternative to oil and to be the competent agency for treaties on nuclear energy signed by the kingdom. It is also responsible for supervising works related to nuclear energy and radioactive waste projects.

In June it appointed the Finland- and Swiss-based Poyry consultancy firm to help define "high-level strategy in the area of nuclear and renewable energy applications" with desalination. In November it appointed WorleyParsons to conduct site surveys and regional analysis to identify potential sites, to select candidate sites then compare and rank them, and to develop technical specifications for a planned tender for the next stage of the Saudi nuclear power project. Three sites were short-listed as of September: Jubail on the Gulf; and Tabuk and Jizan on the Red Sea. The Nuclear Holding Company was being set up in.

In June the coordinator of scientific collaboration at KA-CARE said that it plans to construct nuclear power reactors over the next years at a cost of more than billion riyals ($ billion). These would generate about% of Saudi Arabia's electricity. Smaller reactors such as Argentina’s CAREM are envisaged for desalination. An April timeline showed nuclear construction starting in.

In April KA-CARE projected GWe of nuclear capacity by of total GWe, with GWe solar PV, GWe solar CSP (to provide for heat storage), and4 GWe from geothermal, wind and waste. About half the capacity in would still be hydrocarbon, with one-third solar following investment in that of some $ billion. In addition9 GWe of wind capacity would be used for desalination. In January the nuclear target date was moved to.

In September both GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy and Toshiba/ Westinghouse signed contracts with Exelon Nuclear Partners (ENP), a division of Exelon Generation, to pursue reactor construction deals with KA-CARE. GEH is proposing its ABWR and ESBWR, while Toshiba/ Westinghouse is proposing the AP and its ABWR version. Areva and EdF have signed a number of agreements with Saudi companies and universities, and EdF signed an agreement with Saudi Arabia's Global Energy Holding Company (GEHC) for the creation of a joint venture whose first task will be to carry out feasibility studies for an EPR reactor in the country.

In January the government said that its target for GWe of nuclear capacity would be more like.