I have a remote access to a computer for an entry purpose, when I want to print my printer is not printing the file, what would be the causes?

It depends on the Remote Desktop you use, if its Microsoft remote desktop (RDP) make sure the local recourse features of mapping the printers are checked. by default its selected.

if its other app, find a similar option & make sure its enabled.

if its still not printing then its one of reasons mentioned by  Clodelio Delfino earlier.

u need to enable sharing between the two computers and share the printer 

If you have problems when you try to print a particular document, close the problem document, and then try to print a different document. If you cannot print other documents, create a new document, and then try to print it. To do this, follow these steps. 

• Close all Word documents.
• Click the File Button, and then click New.
• Under Available Templates, click Blank document, and then click Create.
• Type some text in the new document.
• Click the File Button, Print menu and then click the Print button.

I believe its a problem with your system settings. Try this:

Open Remote Desktop Connection by clicking the Start button , clicking All Programs, go to Accessories, and then clicking Remote Desktop Connection. Click Options, and then click the Local Resources tab. Under Local devices and resources, select the Printers check box.

If it's RDP or VNC it should work normal as if you are sitting on your workstation unless...1. Printer is turned-off2. Issue on printer connectivity or maybe paper jam3. Workstation printer spooler is disabled or not functioning.

Otherwise it should work just fine...