ما الفرق بين 1- positive displacement pump 2-non positive displacement pump?

Pumps are basically classified in two basic categories

1. Non-Positive displacement pump
2. Positive displacement pump

Non Positive displacement pump

Non positive displacement pump are also designated as hydro dynamic pump.

Centrifugal pumps and propeller pumps are the best example of non positive displacement pump. In case of Non positive displacement pump, Flow is not constant but also it varies with variation in pressure. Output flow will be decreased when system pressure will be increased. Such types of pumps are also called as constant head pumps as head of such pumps will be constant.

Non positive displacement pumps are basically used for low pressure applications as such types of pumps are not capable to work against higher pressure and that is the basic reason that non positive displacement pumps are not designed for application in hydraulic system. Non positive displacement pumps are designed to work maximum pressure of 18 to 20 bar only.

Non positive displacement pumps are considerably used in chemical and oil industries where liquids are required to transport from one location to other.

We can summarize non positive displacement e.g. centrifugal pumps are used for low pressure and higher volume flow applications.

Advantage of Non Positive displacement pump

1. Initial cost is less due to less moving elements.
2. Operation and maintenance cost is less.
3. Continuous flow with simple and reliable in operation
4. Normally all types of liquids could be transported

Disadvantage of Non Positive displacement pump

1. Flow of pump will be dependent on the system output resistance.
2. Volumetric efficiency will be less.
3. Not suitable for higher pressure application.
4. Such type of pumps are not self priming, hence we will require positive suction for smooth operation of such type of pumps.

Positive displacement pump

Positive displacement pumps are self priming because there will be very close clearance between rotary and stationary components of pump. Such types of pumps are basically designed for higher pressure application for example hydraulic fluid power application.

Positive displacement pumps will never generate the pressure but also they will produce the flow, pressure will be produced due to resistance in output fluid flow. If output section of pump will be opened completely then in that situation there will not be any resistance for fluid flow and hence pressure generated will be zero beyond atmospheric pressure or pressure gauge will show zero reading. If output port of pump is closed partially then pressure will be produced due to presence of resistance of fluid flow, suppose if output port of pump is blocked completely then pressure will be increased significantly and may damage the component of hydraulic system. In order to avoid damaging of hydraulic elements of system due to such high pressure, pressure relief valves are used in hydraulic system.

Such types of pumps deliver definite quantity of fluid to the hydraulic system for each cycle or for each revolution of shaft. Output fluid flow will be constant and will not depend on pressure of system or load on system.

We know three important and commonly used Positive displacement pumps and these are as displayed here.

• Piston Pump
• Vane Pump
• Gear Pump

Advantage of positive displacement pump

1. Positive displacement pump will have high volumetric efficiency approximate 98 %
2. Positive displacement pumps work for high pressure applications, pressure might be up to 800 bar.
3. Such types of pumps will create constant output flow and precise control over the system is quite possible due to application of such pumps.

Pump performance curve for positive displacement and non positive displacement pump

Pump performance curves are displayed here between pressure and flow for both type of pump.

Source Credits : Harikesh Divedi

Kind Regards: James Bhayat Dms.Sk. (Dip) (Le lien a été supprimé pour non-respect des conditions d'utilisation. Veuillez contacter l’équipe d'assistance pour plus d'informations.)

A non-positive-displacement pump:

produces a continuous flow. However, because it does not provide a positive internal seal against slippage, its output varies considerably as pressure varies. Centrifugal and propeller pumps are examples of non-positive-displacement pumps.If the output port of a non-positive-displacement pump were blocked off, the pressure would rise, and output would decrease to zero. Although the pumping element would continue moving, flow would stop because of slippage inside the pump.positive-displacement pump:

A positive-displacement pump is one that displaces (delivers) the same amount of liquid for each rotating cycle of the pumping element. slippage is negligible compared to the pump's volumetric output flow. If the output port were plugged, pressure would increase instantaneously to the point that the pump's pumping element or its case would fail (probably explode, if the drive shaft did not break first), or the pump's prime mover would stall.

thank you it is very useful