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As php is language and ASP is frame work . ASP.NET is most better and more efficient way to make the website , in asp.net using MVC is widely used in programming field.
Asp .Net is is not a language its a framework
Both are Best but depend on applications Behavior and compatibility
as @ Imtiaz mention , asp.net not a language , you will use c# or vb to use asp.net
for me i will go with the open source choice .
To be honest this is a very broad question but I will speak of my experience.
If you are a small business, you would usually stick with PHP as it is faster, free and has many resources on the internet.
If you are a big company that puts a lot of emphasis on security such as government agencies or the oil industry, you would mostly be dependent on asp.net as it is more secure.
Php is always flexible and has lots of updates that you have to work with where as asp.net is amazing when it comes to backward compatibility.
But php is easier when it comes to scalabilityand much more flexible where as asp.net is a bit limited.
You got to do a lot of research to get a better idea of what are the differences but as an advice, if you are a small business, you would stick with php.
As I know, websites which are built with ASP.Net are slow a bit but more secure than websites which are built with PHP. I personally prefer PHP than ASP.Net because there is a plenty of documentation on the Net and you can use frameworks such as: Laravel, Slim, CodeIgniter...etc instead of using pure PHP, to optimize the performance of your website and to raise the security level. Good Luck.
At the outset, let me be clear that php is a programming language and ASP.NET is a framework. Hence a comparison is bit difficult but based on my experience php is handy when we are thinking a small business as its quick and free . Learning is also faster as available resources are high n easily accessible. as php community of developers is bigger. Furthermore php is platform independent while ASP.NET runs only on windows. I prefer php as I have been programming for last 12 years.
In My Opinion, when we talk about web programming you should depend on MVC web framework.
I think Asp.net MVC is the best MVC web framework in the world.
If you choose php, you should learn Laravel, or Codeigniter as they are widely used in the world.