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Who does load−balancing when there are multiple links to a destination, Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF), or the routing protocol?
the load balance depends on switahig scheme:
1'fast Switching: load balance per destination for example If You have multiple link and number of packets are sent to destination these packets will use one of these links.if there is another destination thepacket gonna use use the second link ...etc
2.the processing switching .load balancing per packet. U can use it by typing no ip route-cach under interface. This mode use by cpu and can be effected.one packet per link to be sent to one destination
3. Ip cef can be use for load balancing per destination ( by default) or per packet.
The command : ip cef load-balance per packet or per destination
CEF, by default, performs per-destination load sharing.
In IOS software11.1CC a new forwarding mechanism for IP packets was introduced: Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF). The design of Cisco Express Forwarding includes enhancements that allow to use load balancing without sacrificing forwarding performance even when using per packet load balancing. Previously per packet load balancing required disabling of route-caching mechanisms like fast switching or optimum switching that mean you can loadbalance with routing protocols and CEF but CEF the best